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Concurrent Cross-Validation of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire: A Tool for Assessing Violent and Nonviolent Recidivism and Institutional Adjustment on a Sample of North Carolina Offenders

Kingston Penitentiary, Correctional Service of Canada and Universities of Queen's (Psychiatry) and Carleton (Psychology) Canada

Michael Conley

North Carolina Department of Correction, Warren Correctional Institution, Manson, North Carolina, USA

Birchie Warren

North Carolina Department of Correction, Franklin Correctional Institution Bunn, North Carolina, USA

The aim of this study was to determine whether the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ), a tool that was found to be reliable and valid for assessing violent and nonviolent recidivism and institutional adjustment for Canadian offenders, would also be valid for the same purposes with a demographically different population of North Carolina offenders. The internal consistency alphas and SAQ total and subscale scores’ correlations were high. Offenders with high SAQ total scores had significantly more violent offenses, had more total number of past offenses, had higher numbers of past arrests, and had more institutional infractions than those with low SAQ scores. There were no significant differences between the responses of the African American and Caucasian offenders on the SAQ scales. These results support previous findings regarding the reliability and validity of the SAQ for assessing recidivism and institutional adjustment and suggest that the SAQ could be used with diverse populations.

Key Words: prediction • violent • self-approval • North Carolina

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, Vol. 48, No. 1, 85-95 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0306624X03257714


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